Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): List of Goals, Initiatives, Indicators & more

The Sustainable Development Goals are a group of 17 Global Aims intended to serve as a road map for a sustainable and inclusive future. The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) created the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2014, intending to achieve them by 2030. The resolution titled Agenda 2030 by the General Assembly included the Sustainable Development Goals.

 

"Transforming the World" is one of the Sustainable Development Goals for 2030. The main goal of this effort is to support a bright and progressive future for everyone in the world.

Sustainable Development Goals- Explained

Economic expansion, environmental sustainability, and social sustainability are the cornerstones of sustainable development goals.

Our Common Future

The Brundtland Commission's report Our Common Future, published in 1987, established the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as development that satisfies current needs without jeopardizing the ability of future generations to achieve the goals. It is the definition of the idea that is the most widely accepted.

An inclusive, resilient, and wise future for the earth and its inhabitants must be built to achieve sustainable development. These 17 interconnected goals were created by the UN General Assembly and are to be accomplished globally in 2012.

List of 17 Sustainable Development Goals

Goal 1: No Poverty- Ending all forms of poverty.
Goal 2: Zero Hunger- Ending world hunger by achieving nutrition level, food security, and promoting sustainable agriculture.
Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being- Ensuring everyone's well-being and health at all stages.
Goal 4: Quality Education- Ensuring high-quality education that is inclusive and egalitarian and encourages chances for lifelong learning.
Goal 5: Gender Equality- Achieving gender equality and empowering women at all phases of life.
Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation- Ensuring access to affordable, sustainable, dependable, and modern energy.
Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy- Ensuring water availability, sustainable management, and appropriate sanitation.
Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth- Encouraging inclusive, sustainable growth ensures everyone can access gainful employment and dignified work.
Goal 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure- Constructing resilient infrastructure, encouraging inclusive, sustainable industrialization that encourages innovation.
Goal 10: Reduced Inequality- Lowering disparities both within and between countries.
Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities- Making cities and human settlements inclusive, secure, and sustainable.
Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production- Ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns
Goal 13: Combat Climate Action
Goal 14: Life Below Water- Using marine resources responsibly and preserving the oceans, seas, and their resources
Goal 15: Life on Land- Protecting, promoting, and re-establishing the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, as well as sustainably managing forests, slowing desertification, preserving biodiversity, and reversing land deterioration.
Goal 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions- Fostering open and peaceful societies to achieve sustainable development, ensuring everyone has access to justice and establishing inclusive institutions at all levels.
Goal 17: Partnership to achieve the Goals- To enhance and reinvigorate the global alliance for sustainable development.

Approaches For Getting Global Initiatives Implemented

The divide between the North and the South is obvious, and environmental dependency is expanding. While the South's population struggles to make ends meet, 20% of the North's population uses 80% of its resources. To achieve sustainable development aims, substantial worldwide initiatives have been conducted at the regional and community levels.

Regional Initiatives: These initiatives are designed to address and lessen cross-border issues that cannot be resolved at the national level by the countries, such as shared rivers, pollution, etc. Some organizations, like the EU [European Union], ASEAN, and SAARC, are focused on a specific objective.

Community Efforts: NGOs' initiatives that integrate local and global concerns. TRAFFIC, Greenpeace, the WWF, and other groups have all contributed to the establishment of sustainable development objectives.

Developing Sustainable Communities

The three main components of sustainable development goals are environmental protection, social inclusion, and economic growth. The following is a quick discussion of these factors:

Economic Growth: This component envisions a pattern of economic growth that is both important and appropriate for accomplishing sustainable development goals and contributes to sustainable livelihood and peaceful living. Concentrating on economic growth that creates riches for people while having minimal detrimental effects on the environment. A fair allocation of economic resources is necessary for everyone's development. Eradicating poverty in all of its manifestations and forms.

Environmental Sustainability: This component envisions the considerate and sustainable use of the available natural resources. Natural resources should not be used mindlessly or endlessly; they should be protected and used responsibly.
It is necessary to carry out several environmental conservation measures. To achieve environmental sustainability, actions like investing in renewable energy, using water wisely, promoting sustainable mobility, using creative and sustainable construction and architecture, etc., property in all facets.

Social Sustainability: This component envisions a society where everyone is treated fairly and equally in all spheres of life. In addition, it plays a crucial role in determining future sustainability and achieving sustainable development objectives.
Social sustainability can encourage a sense of gender equality that will ensure the growth of people, communities, and cultures to contribute to achieving a better and decent standard of living, access to healthcare, and access to education worldwide.

Sustainable Development: Indicators

Under each SDG, however, indicators and targets are further categorized. There are 17 SDGs, each with different goals to reach and metrics to gauge how well the participating nations' actions have succeeded.

Efforts For Sustainable Development In India

India participates in the SDG initiative that the UN General Assembly launched as a member of the UN. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) India Index Baseline Report, which examines the nation's development in detail, was also released by the NITI Aayog. The progress India has made in achieving these 17 Sustainable Development Goals is detailed here.

  • The MNREGA was introduced to give unskilled labourers meaningful employment while raising their living levels.
  • The National Food Security Act was implemented to guarantee affordable food grain access.
  • To end open defecation in India, the government of India established its flagship programme, Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.
  • The target generation of renewable energy is 175 GW. Employing renewable energy sources like solar energy, wind energy, and others to lessen reliance on non-renewable sources like fossil fuels is to be accomplished by 2022.

Global Initiatives on Sustainable Development Goals

Numerous actions have been taken to ensure an equal and sustainable future for all its residents. Several have been covered below:

  • Stockholm Conference (1972)
  • United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP)
  • Earth Summit (1992)
  • Kyoto Protocol (1997)
  • Rio +10 (2002)
  • Ramsar Convention (1971)
  • The World Heritage Convention (1972)
  • International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES, 1973)
  • Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS), 1979
  • Vienna Convention, 1985
  • Montreal Protocol, 1987
  • Basel Convention, 1989
  • Convention on Biological Diversity,1992
  • United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification,1994
  • Rotterdam Convention,1998
  • Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants,2001
  • Minamata Convention,2013

Global Sustainable Development Report, 2022

India ranked 121 out of 163 countries.
In 2020- 117 Rank
In 2021- 120 Rank

Sustainable Development Report 2022: Highlights

  • To encourage practical problem-solving for sustainable development and to carry out Sustainable Development Goals, the SDSN was established in 2012.
  • Following their adoption, SDSN has committed to assisting with the SDGs' implementation on a global and national scale.
  • The SDGs have made the most progress in East and South Asia since their adoption in 2015.
  • Since 2015, the SDGs have seen the highest advancement in Bangladesh and Cambodia.
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