On 1st May 1948, Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC), Pune was established by the B.C. Roy Committee and is under the control of the armed forces. AFMC is affiliated to the Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, Nashik.

The college has been approved and recognised by the Medical Council of India (MCI), New Delhi. It was accredited by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) with "A" Grade (CGPA Score 3.51 on a 4 Point Scale in the 3rd cycle) on 1st March 2015.

The college was established by the government of India with an aim to help the Indian Army Medical Corps units. This was to be done by providing them various facilities and services and also a pool of doctor soldiers.

The institute was also set up with an aim to provide training and services to the soldiers. On 4th August 1962, for a steady and sustainable intake of medical officers, the "Graduate Wing" of AFMC was founded.

India Today and Outlook India have ranked the college as second and The Week has ranked it as third among all the top medical colleges in India.

Armed Forces Medical College is the only medical college in the whole of Asia which is privileged to have all its expenses paid by the government (Ministry of Defence).

Currently, AFMC offers graduate, postgraduate, doctorate and add-on fellowship courses in medical science. Armed Forces Medical College also trains medical, nursing and dental graduates and postgraduates and paramedical staff.

In order to get admission to this college, students must pass the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) which is judged on an all India basis. Also, they must have scored 60% in the 12th board