Just like the way Australia offers many options in its education, similarly there are way many options for accommodation as well. This ensures that anyone coming to study in Australia will be staying just the way he/she wants.
But unlike other countries Australia does not provide hostel facilities inside the universities, very few or no university provide housing inside the campus. Many international students live off universities.
As mentioned earlier there are many options to stay off campus, here are the following.

Guest House and Hostel
In-Campus Accommodation
Homestay
Rental Housing
Residential colleges